| Title |
HIV‐exposed uninfected infants: elevated cord blood Interleukin 8 (IL‐8) is significantly associated with maternal HIV infection and systemic IL‐8 in a Kenyan cohort
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical and Translational Medicine, September 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s40169-018-0206-5 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Barbara Lohman‐Payne, Benjamin Gabriel, Sangshin Park, Dalton Wamalwa, Elizabeth Maleche‐Obimbo, Carey Farquhar, Rose Kerubo Bosire, Grace John‐Stewart |
| Abstract |
In low and middle income countries, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposed, uninfected (HEU) infants demonstrate higher morbidity and mortality than their unexposed counterparts. To determine possible immune correlates of this effect, we investigated the impact of in utero HIV exposure on the uninfected neonatal immune milieu and maternal factors mediating these abnormalities in a cohort of vaginally delivered mother-infants. Samples of delivery and cord blood plasma were selected from 22 Kenyan HIV-infected women and their HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) infants drawn from the pre-ARV era, while 19 Kenyan HIV-uninfected (HU) women and their infants were selected from a control cohort. Compared to HU cord plasma, HEU cord plasma contained significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukins (IL)-6 and -8 (both p < 0.001) and significantly lower levels of CXC motif chemokine 11 (CXC11) (p < 0.001). Mediation analysis demonstrated that maternal HIV infection status was a significant determinant of infant IL-8 responses: HEU status was associated with a ninefold higher infant:mother (cord:delivery) plasma levels of IL-8 (p < 0.005), whereas maternal viral load was negatively associated with HEU IL-8 levels (p = 0.04) and not associated with HEU IL-6 levels. Exposure to maternal HIV infection drives an increase in prenatal IL-8 that is partially mediated by maternal cytokine levels. Differences between maternal and infant cytokine levels strongly suggest independent modulation in utero, consistent with prenatal immune activation. Elevated pro-inflammatory signals at birth may interfere with T cell responses at birth and subsequently influence immune maturation and the risk of morbidity and mortality in HEU infants. |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 54 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 54 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 6 | 11% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 5 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 9% |
| Researcher | 4 | 7% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 7% |
| Other | 10 | 19% |
| Unknown | 20 | 37% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 20% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 7% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 4 | 7% |
| Unspecified | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 5 | 9% |
| Unknown | 23 | 43% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 September 2018.
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#22,767,715
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Outputs from Clinical and Translational Medicine
#851
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#304,196
of 347,461 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical and Translational Medicine
#9
of 9 outputs
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