Recent evidence indicated that miRNAs are involved in the development of tumor. Identification of molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer is important. In the current study, the expressions of miR-20a and miR-10a were evaluated in the cervical cancer tissues and in the corresponding noncancer tissues using qRT-PCR assay. Moreover, the association of two miRNAs with clinicopathological features and prognosis was evaluated. Survival and Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to find the association of miR-20a and miR-10a levels with prognosis in the patients. We found that miR-20a expression was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer tissues than those corresponding normal tissues. Elevated expression of miR-20a was linked to lymph node metastasis (P = 0.005), advanced FIGO stage (P = 0.001), advanced histological grade (P = 0.004), and high sizes of tumor (P = 0.02). These findings revealed that the miR-20a might be involved in metastasis and progression in patients suffering from cervical cancer. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses were used and indicated that upregulated expression of miR-20 can be correlated with shorter overall survival (log-rank test P < 0.001). We found that miR-10a was overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues than those corresponding adjacent cervical tissues (P < 0.05). Our findings showed that elevated expression of miR-10 was remarkably correlated with advanced FIGO stage (P < 0.001), advanced histological grade (0.031), and increased size of the tumors (P = 0.024). Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test revealed that cervical cancer patients with high expression of miR-10 have shorter overall survival than patients with low expression (log-rank test P < 0.001). Our findings showed that upregulation of miR-20a and miR-10a were correlated with aggressive progression and poor prognosis of cervical cancer. These miRNAs may be as important markers for prediction of the clinical outcome in patients suffering from cervical cancer.