| Title |
Silica sol as grouting material: a physio-chemical analysis
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Nano Convergence, February 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s40580-018-0138-1 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Christian Sögaard, Johan Funehag, Zareen Abbas |
| Abstract |
At present there is a pressing need to find an environmentally friendly grouting material for the construction of tunnels. Silica nanoparticles hold great potential of replacing the organic molecule based grouting materials currently used for this purpose. Chemically, silica nanoparticles are similar to natural silicates which are essential components of rocks and soil. Moreover, suspensions of silica nanoparticles of different sizes and desired reactivity are commercially available. However, the use of silica nanoparticles as grouting material is at an early stage of its technological development. There are some critical parameters such as long term stability and functionality of grouted silica that need to be investigated in detail before silica nanoparticles can be considered as a reliable grouting material. In this review article we present the state of the art regarding the chemical properties of silica nanoparticles commercially available, as well as experience gained from the use of silica as grouting material. We give a detailed description of the mechanisms underlying the gelling of silica by different salt solutions such as NaCl and KCl and how factors such as particle size, pH, and temperature affect the gelling and gel strength development. Our focus in this review is on linking the chemical properties of silica nanoparticles to the mechanical properties to better understand their functionality and stability as grouting material. Along the way we point out areas which need further research. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 13 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 2 | 15% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 8% |
| United States | 1 | 8% |
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 8% |
| Saudi Arabia | 1 | 8% |
| Unknown | 7 | 54% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 10 | 77% |
| Scientists | 2 | 15% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 52 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 52 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 10% |
| Researcher | 4 | 8% |
| Professor | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 7 | 13% |
| Unknown | 22 | 42% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering | 9 | 17% |
| Chemistry | 7 | 13% |
| Materials Science | 4 | 8% |
| Chemical Engineering | 3 | 6% |
| Unspecified | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 4 | 8% |
| Unknown | 23 | 44% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 9. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 09 May 2018.
All research outputs
#4,030,379
of 24,990,015 outputs
Outputs from Nano Convergence
#15
of 123 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#73,445
of 335,883 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Nano Convergence
#3
of 6 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,990,015 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 83rd percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 123 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.7. This one has done well, scoring higher than 88% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 335,883 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 78% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 6 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than 3 of them.