Title |
Current Status of Neurofeedback for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
|
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Published in |
Current Psychiatry Reports, August 2012
|
DOI | 10.1007/s11920-012-0301-z |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Nicholas Lofthouse, L. Eugene Arnold, Elizabeth Hurt |
Abstract |
As conventional treatments offer incomplete benefit for over 33 % of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and many refuse to try them, additional treatments are needed. One of the most promising is neurofeedback (NF, EEG biofeedback), which trains the brain with real-time video/audio information about its electrical activity measured from scalp electrodes. Since 2010, data from 8 randomized controlled studies of NF have been published with overall mean effect sizes of: 0.40 (all measures), 0.42 (ADHD measures), 0.56 (inattention), and 0.54 (hyperactivity/ impulsivity). Unfortunately, the benefit reported from randomized studies has not been observed in the few small blinded studies conducted. Main study strengths include randomization, evidence-based diagnostic assessments, multi-domain treatment outcomes, use of some type of blinding, and sham control conditions. Main study limitations include lack of large samples, abnormal EEG participant selection, double-blinding, and testing of blind validity and sham inertness. Most recently, a collaborative NF research group has been planning a definitive double-blind well-controlled trial. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | 4% |
Netherlands | 3 | 3% |
Unknown | 104 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 23 | 21% |
Researcher | 17 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 12% |
Other | 12 | 11% |
Other | 15 | 14% |
Unknown | 17 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 34 | 31% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 21 | 19% |
Neuroscience | 10 | 9% |
Computer Science | 5 | 5% |
Engineering | 5 | 5% |
Other | 14 | 13% |
Unknown | 22 | 20% |