Title |
American tertiary clinic-referred bipolar II disorder versus bipolar I disorder associated with hastened depressive recurrence
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Published in |
International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, January 2017
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DOI | 10.1186/s40345-017-0072-x |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Bernardo Dell’Osso, Saloni Shah, Dennis Do, Laura D. Yuen, Farnaz Hooshmand, Po W. Wang, Shefali Miller, Terence A. Ketter |
Abstract |
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, frequently comorbid condition characterized by high rates of mood episode recurrence and suicidality. Little is known about prospective longitudinal characterization of BD type II (BD II) versus type I (BD I) in relation to time to depressive recurrence and recovery from major depressive episode. We therefore assessed times to depressive recurrence/recovery in tertiary clinic-referred BD II versus I patients. Outpatients referred to Stanford BD Clinic during 2000-2011 were assessed with Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD (STEP-BD) Affective Disorders Evaluation and with Clinical Monitoring Form during up to 2 years of naturalistic treatment. Prevalence and clinical correlates of bipolar subtype in recovered (euthymic ≥8 weeks) and depressed patients were assessed. Kaplan-Meier analyses assessed the relationships between bipolar subtype and longitudinal depressive severity, and Cox proportional hazard analyses assessed the potential mediators. BD II versus BD I was less common among 105 recovered (39.0 vs. 61.0%, p = 0.03) and more common among 153 depressed (61.4 vs. 38.6%, p = 0.006) patients. Among recovered patients, BD II was associated with 6/25 (24.0%) baseline unfavorable illness characteristics/mood symptoms/psychotropics and hastened depressive recurrence (p = 0.015). Among depressed patients, BD II was associated with 8/25 (33.0%) baseline unfavorable illness characteristics/mood symptoms/psychotropics, but only non-significantly associated with delayed depressive recovery. BD II versus BD I was significantly associated with current depression and hastened depressive recurrence, but only non-significantly associated with delayed depressive recovery. Research on bipolar subtype relationships with depressive recurrence/recovery is warranted to enhance clinical management of BD patients. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 41 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 9 | 22% |
Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 10% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 7% |
Student > Master | 3 | 7% |
Researcher | 2 | 5% |
Other | 7 | 17% |
Unknown | 13 | 32% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 27% |
Psychology | 7 | 17% |
Neuroscience | 2 | 5% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 5% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 2% |
Other | 2 | 5% |
Unknown | 16 | 39% |