| Title |
The biological, social and clinical bases of drug addiction: commentary and debate
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Psychopharmacology, June 1996
|
| DOI | 10.1007/bf02246016 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
J. Altman, B. J. Everitt, T. W. Robbins, S. Glautier, A. Markou, D. Nutt, R. Oretti, G. D. Phillips |
| Abstract |
This article summarizes the main discussions at a meeting on the biological, social and clinical bases of drug addiction focused on contemporary topics in drug dependence. Four main domains are surveyed, reflecting the structure of the meeting: psychological and pharmacological factors; neurobiological substrates; risk factors (including a consideration of vulnerability from an environmental and genetic perspective); and clinical treatment. Among the topics discussed were tolerance, sensitization, withdrawal, craving and relapse; mechanisms of reinforcing actions of drugs at the behavioural, cognitive and neural levels; the role of subjective factors in drug dependence; approaches to the behavioural and molecular genetics of drug dependence; the use of functional neuroimaging; pharmaceutical and psychosocial strategies for treatment; epidemiological and sociological aspects of drug dependence. The survey takes into account the considerable disagreements and controversies arising from the discussions, but also reaches a degree of consensus in certain areas. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 190 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 2% |
| Turkey | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| South Africa | 1 | <1% |
| Australia | 1 | <1% |
| Japan | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 181 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 39 | 21% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 26 | 14% |
| Researcher | 26 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 19 | 10% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 11 | 6% |
| Other | 34 | 18% |
| Unknown | 35 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 61 | 32% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 32 | 17% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 18 | 9% |
| Neuroscience | 14 | 7% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 3% |
| Other | 22 | 12% |
| Unknown | 38 | 20% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 15. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 01 January 2015.
All research outputs
#1,989,518
of 22,707,247 outputs
Outputs from Psychopharmacology
#489
of 5,335 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#763
of 27,669 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Psychopharmacology
#1
of 26 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,707,247 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 91st percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 5,335 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 10.6. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 27,669 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 26 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its contemporaries.