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Assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa farms in Ghana

Overview of attention for article published in SpringerPlus, June 2016
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Title
Assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa farms in Ghana
Published in
SpringerPlus, June 2016
DOI 10.1186/s40064-016-2352-9
Pubmed ID
Authors

Benedicta Y. Fosu-Mensah, Elvis D. Okoffo, Godfred Darko, Christopher Gordon

Abstract

Residues of organochlorine pesticides were determined in soils and drinking water sources in cocoa growing areas in Ghana. Soil samples analysed showed the presence of four organochlorine pesticide residues namely lindane (0.005-0.05 mg/kg), beta-HCH (<0.01-0.05 mg/kg), dieldrin (0.005-0.02 mg/kg), and p,p'-DDT (0.005-0.04 mg/kg), with dieldrin occurring most frequently. Similarly, organochlorine pesticide residues detected in the water samples were lindane (0.01-0.03 µg/l), alpha-endosulfan (0.01-0.03 µg/l), endosulfan-sulphate (0.01-0.04 µg/l), dieldrin (0.01-0.03 µg/l) and p,p'-DDT (0.01-0.04 µg/l), with heptachlor occurring most frequently. The concentrations of the detected organochlorine residues in the soil samples were below their respective US maximum residues limits (MRLs) for agricultural soils, except for lindane recorded at Kwakuanya (S4) and beta-HCH recorded at Krakrom (S3) and Kwakuanya (S4). Similarly, the organochlorine pesticide residues recorded in the water samples were below and within their respective WHO MRLs for drinking water except for alpha-endosulfan at Diabaa (S2) and Kwakuanya (S4) at distance 0-15 m and Kwakuanya (S4) at distance 16-30 m, endosulfan-sulfate at Nkrankwanta (S1) and Diabaa (S2) at distance 0-15 m and heptachlor at Krakrom (S3) at distance 16-30 m which were above their WHO MRLs. The presence of the banned organochlorine pesticide residues in soil and water samples from the study area indicates that these chemicals are still being used, illegally, on some cocoa farms. Routine monitoring of pesticide residues in the study area is necessary for the prevention, control and reduction of environmental pollution to minimize health risks.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 167 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 167 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 24 14%
Student > Ph. D. Student 20 12%
Researcher 13 8%
Student > Bachelor 13 8%
Student > Postgraduate 12 7%
Other 34 20%
Unknown 51 31%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Environmental Science 31 19%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 25 15%
Chemistry 16 10%
Engineering 8 5%
Nursing and Health Professions 5 3%
Other 21 13%
Unknown 61 37%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 July 2016.
All research outputs
#15,138,883
of 24,807,923 outputs
Outputs from SpringerPlus
#758
of 1,865 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#201,408
of 360,418 outputs
Outputs of similar age from SpringerPlus
#110
of 245 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,807,923 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 38th percentile – i.e., 38% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,865 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.1. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 58% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 360,418 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 43rd percentile – i.e., 43% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 245 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 55% of its contemporaries.