| Title |
Grayanotoxin Poisoning: ‘Mad Honey Disease’ and Beyond
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Cardiovascular Toxicology, April 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s12012-012-9162-2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Suze A. Jansen, Iris Kleerekooper, Zonne L. M. Hofman, Isabelle F. P. M. Kappen, Anna Stary-Weinzinger, Marcel A. G. van der Heyden |
| Abstract |
Many plants of the Ericaceae family, Rhododendron, Pieris, Agarista and Kalmia, contain diterpene grayanotoxins. Consumption of grayanotoxin containing leaves, flowers or secondary products as honey may result in intoxication specifically characterized by dizziness, hypotension and atrial-ventricular block. Symptoms are caused by an inability to inactivate neural sodium ion channels resulting in continuous increased vagal tone. Grayanotoxin containing products are currently sold online, which may pose an increasing risk. In humans, intoxication is rarely lethal, in contrast to cattle and pet poisoning cases. Scientific evidence for the medicinal properties of grayanotoxin containing preparations, such as honey or herbal preparation in use in folk medicine, is scarce, and such use may even be harmful. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 49 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 13 | 27% |
| United Kingdom | 6 | 12% |
| Canada | 2 | 4% |
| Chad | 1 | 2% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 2% |
| Hungary | 1 | 2% |
| Brazil | 1 | 2% |
| Chile | 1 | 2% |
| Japan | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 21 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 40 | 82% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 6 | 12% |
| Scientists | 2 | 4% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 152 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 151 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 30 | 20% |
| Researcher | 16 | 11% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 15 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 12 | 8% |
| Other | 11 | 7% |
| Other | 32 | 21% |
| Unknown | 36 | 24% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 27 | 18% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 27 | 18% |
| Chemistry | 13 | 9% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 12 | 8% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 10 | 7% |
| Other | 19 | 13% |
| Unknown | 44 | 29% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 277. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 07 April 2024.
All research outputs
#131,185
of 25,744,802 outputs
Outputs from Cardiovascular Toxicology
#1
of 322 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#520
of 174,925 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Cardiovascular Toxicology
#1
of 5 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,744,802 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 322 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.7. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 174,925 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 5 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than all of them