Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 31 Jan 2019 𝘈𝘈𝘚 𝘙𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩 𝘏𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁𝘀 𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝗲𝗲𝘀𝗮𝘄 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗥𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗳𝗮𝗹𝗹 𝗔𝗻𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗹𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗪𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝗡𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗵 𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿…