Title |
Increased risk of ADHD in families with ASD
|
---|---|
Published in |
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, September 2018
|
DOI | 10.1007/s00787-018-1206-0 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Mathilde Septier, Hugo Peyre, Fréderique Amsellem, Anita Beggiato, Anna Maruani, Marion Poumeyreau, Anouck Amestoy, Isabelle Scheid, Alexandru Gaman, Federico Bolognani, Garry Honey, Céline Bouquet, Myriam Ly-Le Moal, Manuel Bouvard, Marion Leboyer, Thomas Bourgeron, Richard Delorme |
Abstract |
Attention Deficit and Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are frequent comorbid neurodevelopmental conditions and the overlap between both disorders remains to be delineated. A more complete understanding of the shared genetic and environmental factors is needed. Using a family-based method, we evaluated the risk of ADHD in a group of relatives with an ASD proband (ASD-) and a group of relatives with an ASD and ADHD proband (ASD+). We enrolled 1245 individuals in the study: 499 probands, their 746 first-degree relatives and 140 controls. We used a multivariate generalized estimating equation (GEE) model, in which the dependent variable was the ADHD diagnosis in the relatives and the independent variable the ASD+ or ASD- in probands. We adjusted for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, IQ) and for the nature of the familial relationship with the affected proband (parent or sibling). Among the probands, there were 287 ASD- and 212 ASD+ individuals. ADHD was more frequent in relatives (19%) than in the control group (7%) (p = 0.001). The risk of ADHD was higher in the ASD+ relatives group than in the ASD- relatives group (GEE model OR 1.58 [95% CI 1.04-2.38], p = 0.032). This result was found in parents (OR 1.96 [95% CI 1.14-3.36], but not in siblings (OR 1.28 [95% CI 0.84-1.94], p = 0.434). Our study provides a representative estimate of the family distribution of ADHD in relatives of ASD probands but supports the modest effect of shared genetic and environmental factors between both disorders. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 5 | 56% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 22% |
Canada | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 1 | 11% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 56% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 33% |
Scientists | 1 | 11% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 101 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 13 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 13% |
Researcher | 12 | 12% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 8% |
Unspecified | 5 | 5% |
Other | 17 | 17% |
Unknown | 33 | 33% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 26 | 26% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 9% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 6% |
Social Sciences | 6 | 6% |
Unspecified | 5 | 5% |
Other | 15 | 15% |
Unknown | 34 | 34% |