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Assessing the predictability of self-harm in a high-risk adult prisoner population: a prospective cohort study

Overview of attention for article published in Health & Justice, September 2018
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Title
Assessing the predictability of self-harm in a high-risk adult prisoner population: a prospective cohort study
Published in
Health & Justice, September 2018
DOI 10.1186/s40352-018-0076-3
Pubmed ID
Authors

Mike C. Horton, Wendy Dyer, Alan Tennant, Nat M. J. Wright

Abstract

Prisoners are at increased risk of self-harm and when either intent is expressed, or an act of self-harm carried out, prisoners in the UK are subject to self-harm/suicide monitoring (referred to as "open ACCT" monitoring). However, there is a paucity of validated instruments to identify risk of self-harm in prisoner populations. In response to the need to support prison staff to determine who is at increased risk of self-harm or repeat self-harm, the aim of this study was to determine whether any pre-existing, standardised instruments could usefully identify future self-harm events in prisoners undergoing ACCT monitoring. A multi-stage prospective cohort study was conducted, where the Prison Screening Questionnaire (PriSnQuest), a modified Borderline Symptom List-23 (BSL-23), Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) instruments were administered to prisoners aged 18 and above, who were judged to be at an increased risk of self-harm (on open ACCT monitoring) during the recruitment phase. A 6-month follow-up determined self-harm occurrence since baseline, and Area-Under-the-Curve (AUC) analysis examined the ability of the instruments to predict future self-harm. Prison records established that 29.1% self-harmed during the follow up period, involving a total of 423 self-harm events reported from 126 individuals, followed up for 66,789 prisoner days (median 167 days; IQR 71-207.5 days). This translated to an 'event incidence' of 6.33 per 1000 prisoner days of those who had been placed upon an ACCT, or 'prisoner incidence' of 1.89 per 1000 days, with considerable variation for both gender and participating prisons. None of the summary scores derived from the selected instruments showed a meaningful ability to predict self-harm, however, exploratory logistic regression analysis of individual background and instrument items revealed gender-specific item sets which were statistically significant in predicting future self-harm. Prospective self-harm was not predicted by any of the pre-existing instruments that were under consideration. Exploratory logistic regression analysis did reveal gender-specific item sets, producing predictive algorithms which were statistically significant in predicting future self-harm; however, the operational functionality of these item sets may be limited.

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The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 41 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 41 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 7 17%
Researcher 4 10%
Student > Ph. D. Student 4 10%
Lecturer 3 7%
Student > Bachelor 3 7%
Other 6 15%
Unknown 14 34%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Psychology 15 37%
Medicine and Dentistry 3 7%
Nursing and Health Professions 3 7%
Unspecified 1 2%
Environmental Science 1 2%
Other 3 7%
Unknown 15 37%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 15 December 2018.
All research outputs
#14,425,486
of 23,103,903 outputs
Outputs from Health & Justice
#160
of 202 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#191,271
of 341,592 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Health & Justice
#8
of 8 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,103,903 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 35th percentile – i.e., 35% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 202 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 26.7. This one is in the 19th percentile – i.e., 19% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 341,592 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 41st percentile – i.e., 41% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 8 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one.