Title |
Organoleptic and glycemic properties of chickpea-wheat composite breads
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Published in |
Journal of Food Science and Technology, October 2013
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DOI | 10.1007/s13197-013-1192-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Tasleem A. Zafar, Fatima Al-Hassawi, Fatima Al-Khulaifi, Ghanima Al-Rayyes, Carol Waslien, Fatma G. Huffman |
Abstract |
Prevalence of obesity and type-2-diabetes requires dietary manipulation. It was hypothesized that wheat-legume-composite breads will reduce the spike of blood glucose and increase satiety. Four pan bread samples were prepared: White bread (WB) as standard, Whole-wheat bread (WWB), WWB supplemented with chickpea flour at 25 % (25%ChB) and 35 % (35%ChB) levels. These breads were tested in healthy female subjects for acceptability and for effect on appetite, blood glucose, and physical discomfort in digestion. The breads were rated >5.6 on a 9-point hedonic scale with WB significantly higher than all other breads. No difference in area under the curve (AUC) for appetite was found, but blood glucose AUC was reduced as follows: 35%ChB < WB and WWB, WB >25%ChB = WWB or 35%ChB. We conclude that addition of chickpea flour at 35 % to whole wheat produces a bread that is acceptable to eat, causing no physical discomfort and lowers the glycemic response. |
X Demographics
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 72 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 15 | 21% |
Researcher | 14 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 11% |
Student > Master | 3 | 4% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 3% |
Other | 6 | 8% |
Unknown | 24 | 33% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 6% |
Engineering | 3 | 4% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 3% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 3% |
Other | 6 | 8% |
Unknown | 26 | 36% |