| Title |
Sudden and unexpected deaths after the administration of hexavalent vaccines (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, hepatitis B, Haemophilius influenzae type b): is there a signal?
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
European Journal of Pediatrics, December 2004
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00431-004-1594-7 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Rüdiger von Kries, André Michael Toschke, Klaus Straßburger, Michael Kundi, Helen Kalies, Uta Nennstiel, Gerhard Jorch, Joachim Rosenbauer, Guido Giani |
| Abstract |
Deaths in temporal association with vaccination of hexavalent vaccines have been recently reported. The objective of this paper is to assess whether these temporal associations can be attributed to chance. Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) for deaths within 1 to 28 days after administration of either of the two hexavalent vaccines in the 1st and 2nd year of life were determined using the respective annual rates for sudden unexpected deaths (SUDs) from the national vital statistics. The distribution of SUD cases and the vaccination uptake by month were estimated from surveys and sales figures for the individual vaccines. Sensitivity analyses were performed to account for limitations in the data sources. For one of the vaccines, Vaccine B, all SMRs were well below one. For the other, Vaccine A, SMRs exceeded one insignificantly on the 1st day after vaccination in the 1st year of life. In the 2nd year of life, however, the SMRs for SUD cases within 1 day of vaccination with vaccine A were 31.3 (95% CI 3.8-113.1; two cases observed; 0.06 cases expected) and 23.5 (95% CI 4.8-68,6) for within 2 days after vaccination (three cases observed; 0.13 cases expected). Extensive sensitivity analyses could not attribute these findings to limitations of the data sources. Conclusion: These findings based on spontaneous reporting do not prove a causal relationship between vaccination and sudden unexpected deaths. However, they constitute a signal for one of the two hexavalent vaccines which should prompt intensified surveillance for unexpected deaths after vaccination. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 185 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Japan | 31 | 17% |
| India | 9 | 5% |
| United States | 3 | 2% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Turkey | 1 | <1% |
| Australia | 1 | <1% |
| Austria | 1 | <1% |
| Kenya | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 2 | 1% |
| Unknown | 134 | 72% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 184 | 99% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 26 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 4% |
| United States | 1 | 4% |
| Unknown | 24 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Other | 4 | 15% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 3 | 12% |
| Researcher | 3 | 12% |
| Professor | 2 | 8% |
| Other | 2 | 8% |
| Unknown | 8 | 31% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 31% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 15% |
| Physics and Astronomy | 2 | 8% |
| Environmental Science | 1 | 4% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 4% |
| Other | 1 | 4% |
| Unknown | 9 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 164. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 03 February 2024.
All research outputs
#253,296
of 25,744,802 outputs
Outputs from European Journal of Pediatrics
#16
of 4,475 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#370
of 151,688 outputs
Outputs of similar age from European Journal of Pediatrics
#1
of 13 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,744,802 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,475 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.3. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
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