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Imputation across genotyping arrays for genome-wide association studies: assessment of bias and a correction strategy

Overview of attention for article published in Human Genetics, January 2013
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Title
Imputation across genotyping arrays for genome-wide association studies: assessment of bias and a correction strategy
Published in
Human Genetics, January 2013
DOI 10.1007/s00439-013-1266-7
Pubmed ID
Authors

Eric O. Johnson, Dana B. Hancock, Joshua L. Levy, Nathan C. Gaddis, Nancy L. Saccone, Laura J. Bierut, Grier P. Page

Abstract

A great promise of publicly sharing genome-wide association data is the potential to create composite sets of controls. However, studies often use different genotyping arrays, and imputation to a common set of SNPs has shown substantial bias: a problem which has no broadly applicable solution. Based on the idea that using differing genotyped SNP sets as inputs creates differential imputation errors and thus bias in the composite set of controls, we examined the degree to which each of the following occurs: (1) imputation based on the union of genotyped SNPs (i.e., SNPs available on one or more arrays) results in bias, as evidenced by spurious associations (type 1 error) between imputed genotypes and arbitrarily assigned case/control status; (2) imputation based on the intersection of genotyped SNPs (i.e., SNPs available on all arrays) does not evidence such bias; and (3) imputation quality varies by the size of the intersection of genotyped SNP sets. Imputations were conducted in European Americans and African Americans with reference to HapMap phase II and III data. Imputation based on the union of genotyped SNPs across the Illumina 1M and 550v3 arrays showed spurious associations for 0.2 % of SNPs: ~2,000 false positives per million SNPs imputed. Biases remained problematic for very similar arrays (550v1 vs. 550v3) and were substantial for dissimilar arrays (Illumina 1M vs. Affymetrix 6.0). In all instances, imputing based on the intersection of genotyped SNPs (as few as 30 % of the total SNPs genotyped) eliminated such bias while still achieving good imputation quality.

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Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United States 3 4%
United Kingdom 1 1%
Germany 1 1%
Brazil 1 1%
Unknown 71 92%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 26 34%
Student > Ph. D. Student 14 18%
Student > Master 6 8%
Student > Doctoral Student 5 6%
Student > Bachelor 4 5%
Other 10 13%
Unknown 12 16%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 27 35%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 15 19%
Medicine and Dentistry 10 13%
Mathematics 5 6%
Nursing and Health Professions 1 1%
Other 4 5%
Unknown 15 19%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 19 February 2013.
All research outputs
#15,263,666
of 22,696,971 outputs
Outputs from Human Genetics
#2,532
of 2,950 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#179,858
of 279,195 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Human Genetics
#11
of 14 outputs
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